Antidiabetic Effects of Milk-Derived Bioactive Components

Abstract

Milk is a rich source of important nutrients that have been shown to have positive effects in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Recent intervention studies suggest that milk-derived bioactive proteins, peptides and fatty acids provide beneficial effects in the prevention and management of T2DM. Milk bioactive components include casein, casein-derived peptides, whey proteins and whey protein-derived peptides. These bioactive components exert anti-diabetic effects through various mechanisms. These mechanisms include improving insulin sensitivity, regulating glucose metabolism and reducing inflammation. Intervention studies in humans have demonstrated that these milk-derived bioactive components lower fasting blood glucose levels and increase insulin sensitivity. This study provides a comprehensive review of recent studies examining the anti-diabetic effects of milk-derived bioactive compounds (proteins, peptides and fatty acids) and their mechanisms of action in the management of T2DM. Thus, it provides a perspective on the potential benefits and clinical applications of milk bioactive components on T2DM.